Treatment overview
The SADI-S bypass (sleeve gastrectomy + duodeno-ileal bypass) is a technique derived from the gastric sleeve that achieves a more physiological bypass, with fewer potential adverse effects. It combines two components:
- A gastric sleeve: the stomach is shaped into a tube. The fundus, the area that produces most of the ghrelin, is removed, while the entry valve, the exit valve (pylorus), the arteries and the nerves are preserved. The result is a small stomach that still works normally.
- A duodeno-ileal bypass: the intestine is joined below the stomach's exit valve, bypassing the small intestine at about 300 cm from the caecum. It is a single connection, with no crossing of intestinal loops.
How it produces weight loss
- Restriction: the tube-shaped stomach holds less and produces intense satiety.
- Hunger control: because the fundus is removed, ghrelin falls more than with traditional gastric bypass.
- Controlled malabsorption: bypassing the intestine reduces calorie absorption; its malabsorptive power is slightly greater than that of gastric bypass.
- Physiological digestion: because the pylorus is preserved, the stomach continues to empty naturally.
Advantages and disadvantages
Advantages
- It is more physiological: the stomach keeps working as it should.
- Ghrelin falls more than with gastric bypass.
- Lower likelihood of problems absorbing iron, folic acid and vitamin B12.
- It avoids ulcers at the gastro-jejunal connection.
- It minimises the likelihood of internal hernias.
- Completely normal life: all kinds of food are tolerated.
Disadvantages
- Technically more complex: it should only be performed by highly experienced teams.
- Greater malabsorptive power, which could lead to occasional problems.
- Requires vitamin supplements and nutritional check-ups.
Why it is performed
SADI-S is indicated when the patient needs a technique with greater anti-obesity power and metabolic effect than the gastric sleeve. The indication is always made after a multidisciplinary assessment: surgical, nutritional, psychological and cardiological.
Who is a candidate?
- Patients with a BMI over 45 kg/m².
- Patients with a BMI between 40 and 45 who also have metabolic syndrome (diabetes, high cholesterol or triglycerides, hypertension) or an unfavourable metabolic or psychological profile.
- People who snack compulsively or frequently eat sweets or fatty foods without control.
- Patients with a significant family history of obesity.
- Patients who have had a gastric sleeve with weight regain or insufficient weight loss, in whom the sleeve can be converted into a SADI-S.
Medical conditions it helps to treat
- Improvement or resolution of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes.
- Improvement of hypertension and of cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
- Improvement of sleep apnoea.
- Improved fertility, in both women and men.
- Improved quality of life, vitality, mood and self-esteem.
